g wrote: The expression "random walk" has a special meaning for statisticians....a colored game piece represents one MUTATION. And the object of the game...of game pieces we get, representing random mutations (within constraints of the rules...see how far we get with randomized mutational directions. If it were a...we just want to see what randomization does.) In this little game, ...

... have been something more going on than *RANDOM* mutations and *selection by external influences, only*. (And rest assured I am ..., enabled a sufficient number of *FOCUSED* mutations and *FOC8UED* selection events even to ... more than, as you put it: "*RANDOM*" mutations. The most recent book touching ... that we don't know how mutational changes produce the kinds of characters ...

... my mind of how distribution of mutations would radiate over time in a ... have understood clearly from reading about mutations indicates to me that most mutations,... in the process which were somewhat random... and which failed. To this extent, random mutation and the possibility *realized* of...hundred more... .... is that if most mutations are deleterious... then what are the...

...the impression I was trying to come up with a new theory, I really, really blew it. My purpose was to convey to you and others that random mutations would tend to move progeny around RANDOMLY, and I was (and am) desiring input from others far more knowledgeable than I) as to how in hell it could provide...

... understood clearly from reading about mutations indicates to me that most ... which failed. To this extent, random mutation and the possibility *realized*... more... .... is that if most mutations are deleterious... then what are ... a sufficient number of *FOCUSED* mutations and *FOC8UED* selection events even ... as opposed to a completely *RANDOMIZED* mishaps outnumbering fortunate 'haps' to ...

... convey to you and others that random mutations would tend to move progeny around RANDOMLY, and I was (and am) ...viable life form evolves, rather than mutates in ways totally out of ... chance of getting enough USEFUL mutations to work with, when the statistical odds of any given mutation's being other than deleterious ... an intuitive feel for what mutation can accomplish over time, I ...

...them, why do you use the singular 'die'? Does it have something to do with the reason you only supplied 8 colors? In any case, if you want to develop an intuitive feel for what mutation can accomplish over time, I would suggest that you consult an evolutionary genetics textbook in which you will find more realistic models presented and analyzed. No need to re-invent the wheel, badly.

... New Findings Confirm Darwin's Theory: Evolution Not Random http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/01/080118134531.... to address is whether the results of their phylogenetic reconstructions eliminate an unbiased random walk model for the characters studied. The second question is, in the case of ...not eliminate the null hypothesis of an unbiased random walk in which the chance of a ...

"Anon." <bob.ohara@SOD.OFF.Spammers.helsinki.fi> wrote in message news:eqqfs8$drt$1@darwin.ediacara.org... Well, if the boundaries are far enough away, they will approximately have a 3D normal distribution: proof from central limit theorem. If the boundaries are close enough, it will be a bit different, but exactly what happens depends on the type of boundary. Isn't that ...

... effects of just a 100%% random process such as sampling error ...which of course includes non random mutation rates, remain incorporated within...selection of a falsifiable basis. Random processes without selection can only...carried out one-step adaptive walks in an experimental system, and...to understand it. The relevant mutational effects include a transition:transversion...