>>> On Dec. 27, opposition leader Benazir Bhutto and about 20 others died
>>> in a gun and bomb attack in Rawalpindi.
>>> The latest attack came just a week after a U.S. missile strike killed
>>> a top al-Qaida commander, Abu Laith al-Libi, in a remote tribal
>>> village near the border with Afghanistan.
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Some people here seems so prejudiced that it may not do any good to
them, but some others might be
genuinely wanting to learn the place of suicide in Islam. I am posting
something that might possibly help.
The Making of Islamist Suicide Bombers
Category: Religion and Philosophy
My URL:
myspace.com/sultanshahin
Is suicide compatible with Islamic teachings? The question has been
debated endlessly for the last several years. The clear consensus of
Islamic scholars now is that it is not. And yet extremist groups
continue to use human bombs as their weapon of choice in several parts
of the Muslim world. How do they manage to entice Muslims into
committing such a heinous crime against humanity? The question has
haunted the world ever since Muslims started using this tactic
following the success of this brutal method of killing demonstrated by
the Tamil Tigers of Sri Lanka in early 1990s.
i had the opportunity to study the phenomenon when I was researching
the methodology the Pakistan Army used to motivate soldiers to commit
what amounted to mass suicide in Kargil? I wrote extensively on the
subject then and would like to share with my readers here some of the
things I discovered.
to begin with I asked myself what books would one choose to carry
while embarking on a suicide mission? Kargil was one such mission for
the Pakistani soldiers. Had India not allowed them safe passage under
the political compulsions of that pre-election period, they would have
all got killed sooner or later. They must have known this. You cannot
trifle with a major military power like India without being prepared
to face its fatal consequences.
How were they motivated to commit what amounts to a mass suicide? This
question is particularly relevant as they were Muslims and in Islam
suicide is considered a heinous crime. Most Muslims would know that
Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him) refused to offer funeral prayers
for just two Muslims — one who had been convicted of embezzlement of
zakat (charity) funds and another who had committed suicide. Indeed he
had specified in the case of Amir Ibn al-Akwa who had sustained
several wounds in the battle of Khyber that even if someone commits
suicide to relieve himself of acute pain, his destination would still
be the fires of hell.
The answer lies with the books recovered from the bunkers of dead
Pakistani soldiers in Kargil. Some of these are on predictable lines —
copies of Holy Quran with translation in Urdu, biographies of the
Prophet, books of prayers for all occasions, Iqbal’s evocative poetry
and so on. These would be part of an average Muslim’s travelling gear,
particularly if he is embarking on what could turn out to be his last
journey. But what surprised me was that they had all been published by
Al-Maktaba al-Sulfia of Lahore, the publication house of Ahl-e-Sunnat
wal-Jamaat, a small but particularly virulent sect which believes that
all Muslims who do not belong to this sect should be done to death. It
is not possible that all the soldiers of the Northern Areas Light
Infantry and other sections of Pakistan Army who embarked on this
suicidal venture belonged to this sect. I can only presume that these
books were supplied by the Army itself.
This makes this study even more meaningful. It tells us not only about
the mental make-up of the people we dealt with at Kargil but also of
those we are dealing with in Kashmir, indeed even in other parts of
India, today. For these books were evidently part of the motivational
literature Pakistan Army was using to indoctrinate its soldiers and
other recruits for their suicidal missions in Kashmir.
The most popular among these books was Maut ka Manzar (The Scene of
Death) by Abdur Razzaq Bhutralwi, the Imam of a mosque in Islamabad
and a teacher in a Rawalpindi madrasa run by the Ahle-Sunnat wal-
Jamaat sect. A 400-page book in small print, it is an eminently
readable companion for those preparing to die. Some of the chapters
are entitled: What is Death?, Kinds of Death, Death provides Comfort,
The Place of Death is Fixed, No One Denies Death, No Escape From
Death, How Death Invites you to the Appointed Place, One Goes There
Happily, One Should Prepare for Death, Death is Better than Mischief,
Love of this World and Fear of Death is Cowardice, Places where it is
Permitted to long for Death, and so on. You get the drift. What a
morbid place Kargil must have been with hundreds of people reading
this book for months!
Maulana Bhutralwi is particularly suited for motivating suicidal
operations. While he describes an ordinary death as an extremely
painful experience, he likens martyrdom with the sting of an ant or a
mosquito bite. He describes the meaning of life and death in the first
chapter in these words: “Life means martyrdom which offers us a life
better than the life in this world and death means worldly life which
is a contemptible form of life in comparison with the life of
martyrdom”. So life means death and death means life. Alice’s
wonderland must have been situated between Islamabad and Rawalpindi —
the route the Maulana traverses every morning between 7:00 and 8:00 to
be able to reach his madrasa, Jama Rizwia, even before his pupils
arrive.
But surely this won’t be enough to motivate soldiers for such
foolhardy ventures as Kargil. So they were given pamphlets of various
Jehadi organisations telling them that the Kashmir campaign is even
more sacred in the eyes of God than the campaigns at Badr or Uhud that
the Prophet himself waged. How does one go about proving something as
outrageous as this? The Holy Quran is immutable. It is so well-
preserved that no one has been able to change even a coma or a vowel
over the last 14 centuries. But interpolation is possible in the
Sayings of the Prophet, the sacred Hadees. So Harkat-e-Jehad-e-Islami
begins its brochure with an essay entitled “The importance of Jehad
against India”. It quotes Hazrat Abu Huraira as saying that “the
Prophet promised me that if you die fighting Jehad against India, you
would become Afzalul Shuhada, i.e., the greatest among all martyrs,
and if you come back alive you will be assured of a place in Heaven no
matter what else you do.”
It is this concoction that is now being propagated by all Jehadi
leaders like Maulana Masood Azhar or Hafiz Saeed in their fiery
motivational speeches. There was no question of a Jehad being waged in
the Prophet’s time against far-flung India when the Arab world itself
and its neighbourhood was full of enemies of Islam. From the very
early days India has welcomed Islam and continues to be a haven for
Islamists of all hue and colour. None of the thousands of rajas and
maharajas who had to deal with Islam ever obstructed the propagation
of this new ideology. India is one of the few non-Muslim majority
countries that allows Muslims to conduct their life in accordance with
Islamic personal laws. India is the biggest centre of Islamic
literature in the world even after the Partition when Muslim-majority
areas broke away to form Pakistan. No wonder, the Prophet said he had
received a cool breeze from India. Allama Iqbal describes it
beautifully:
Meer-e-Arab ko aaee thandi hawa jahan se;
Mera watan wohi hai, mera watan wohi hai.
There are only two references to India in the authoritative Hadees
literature, i.e. Bukhari and Muslim. Both say more or less the same
thing. Hazrat Umm-e-Qais bint-e-Mahsan says: “A woman came to the
Prophet with her sick child. She was pressing the child’s throat from
two sides. The Prophet said: ‘Why are you pressing the child’s throat,
increasing his pain. Use Indian incense (Ood-e-Hindi). It cures seven
diseases including pleurisy.” (Bukhari 7.616 and 7.596)
The concoctions and fabrications, however, go on. Jehad is big
business. Mullahs will stop at nothing to provide cannon-fodder to the
militant organisations originally spawned by Pakistan Army who may
have now become a law unto themselves and are according to some recent
reports engaging in Jehad against the will of their former military
mentors. Indeed in some cases they are fighting the Pakistan Army
itself.
While Jehad is being largely waged in the Middle East and Pakistan-
Afghanistan region, we in India cannot remain indifferent to the
dangers of extremist brainwashing. Jehadi promotional literature is
circulating in India as well. It is for the Muslims to beware of
people who think nothing of putting false words in the mouth of the
Prophet himself. It is for our ulema to tell us if suicide is the same
as martyrdom. Is life indeed death and death life in Islam? It clearly
is not. But we need to keep debating this and letting our youth know
the real facts until the present phase of extremist madness has
subsided.
Some people may well wonder what good is all this discussion on the
right and wrong interpretations of Islam going to do. But learning
about the Jihadist methodology of brainwashing and an awareness of the
literature used for this purpose might perhaps help some people who
may be undergoing the process or who may have seen somebody close to
them going through that literature.
Let me share with you the story of a young person who nearly killed
himself and probably others as a Kashmiri terrorist seeking to cross
the LoC into the Indian side. This youngster was from the Pakistani
part of Kashmir. I met him once in Geneva, probably in 1999. He had
been trained as a terrorist in the then terrorist-training camps of
Afghanistan. He was crossing the border into India when his father, a
soldier in the Pakistan Army, happened to spot him and stopped him
from doing so and then managed to smuggle him out of Pakistan to
Switzerland with the help of some friends, for fear that the
"Islamist" terrorist brigade might recapture him. The one major
problem this person faced, that nearly cost him his life and almost
turned him into a terrorist, as he told me his story, was that while
he was undergoing the brainwashing process his near and dear ones
didn't have any logical arguments to counter the false "Islamist"
messages he was being given through constant speeches and Jihadist
literature. So I feel that if these subjects are openly discussed and
counter-arguments are available to a wider audience it might help them
fight the growing menace of radicalization of our youth.
Please also see:
http://blog.myspace.com/index.cfm?fuseaction=blog&Mytoken=6C67B548-0696-4160-904...