> On Sep 10, 2:29 am, "Paul B. Andersen"
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> wrote:

>> Sanny wrote:

>>>>> Partical Accelerators use electro magnetic waves to accelerate
>>>>> particals using their charge.
>>>>> Since electro magnetic waves travel at speed "c" the max speed they
>>>>> can force a charged partical is c.

>>>> No. You make unwarranted assumptions and conclusions.

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>>>> First, Van de Graff used a d.c. potential to accelerate electrons to
>>>> relativistic speeds. As the potential is d.c. your claims don't apply,
>>>> but the electrons never exceeded speed c.

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>>> Even when in DC the Electric Field travels at speed of light "c".
>>> Electric field speed is always "c".

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>> A d.c. potential means a _static_ potential, and a _static_ field.
>> Is there any particular part of _static_ you don't understand?
>> If a particle with unity charge q is accelerated through a static
>> potential difference V, it gains the energy qV electron volts,
>> regardless of its speed.

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>>>> Second, while it is true that most modern accelerators use RF fields to
>>>> accelerate the particles, they are designed so the RF power is a
>>>> standing wave, carefully timed such that the particles enter the RF
>>>> cavity when the E field is already present so the particle is
>>>> accelerated. It should be obvious that this is the most efficient way to
>>>> accelerate particles (why put them into the cavities when there is no E
>>>> field present or it is aimed the wrong way?).

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>>> Here, I do not understand what you are saying.

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>> He is saying that when the particle is entering an RF-cavity,
>> there is an electric field in it, which for the short time
>> the electron is in the cavity can be considered static.
>> The particle will "see" a static field. It will gain the same
>> amount of energy in each RF-cavity regardless of its speed.
>> The RF-cavities never cease to function.
>> Even when the particle speed is few mm/s less than c,
>> it gains energy in the RF-cavities. Proof of this is that
>> when the particles are bent by the magnetic field which make
>> the go around the circuit, they radiate energy as synchrotron
>> radiation (light). This radiation will increase as the speed
>> gets closer to c. The synchrotron is in steady state when
>> the radiated energy per cycle is equal to the energy
>> gained in the RF-cavities.

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>> Bottom line:
>> The particle gain the same amount of energy in the RF-cavities
>> regardless of its speed.
>> The notion "particles cannot be accelerated beyond c because
>> the speed of the accelerating field is c" is naive nonsense
>> which can only be uttered out of ignorance.
>> It is falsified every second by numerous accelerators around the world.

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>> Particles cannot be accelerated beyond c because their
>> kinetic energy approaches infinite when the speed approaches c.

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>> --
>> Paul

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>>http://home.c2i.net/pb_andersen/

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> As particles reach C we can not supply enough energy to propagate the
> particle any faster because its density and weight approach infinity
> at that point.- Hide quoted text -
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> - Show quoted text -